Background/Objectives:
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between
dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with
osteoporosis.
Subjects/Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 156 postmenopausal and
osteoporotic Brazilian women aged over 45 years. BMD of lumbar spine, total
femur (TF), femoral neck and of total body (TB), as well as body composition
(fat and lean mass), was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Body
mass index and lifestyle information were also obtained. Dietary intake was
assessed by using a 3-day food diary. Dietary patterns were obtained by
principal component factor analysis. Adjusted multiple linear regression analysis
was applied in order to evaluate the predictive effect of dietary patterns on
BMD. Significance was set at P less than 0.05.
Results:
Results:
Five patterns were retained: ‘healthy’, ‘red meat and refined
cereals’, ‘low-fat dairy’, ‘sweet foods, coffee and tea’ and ‘Western’. The
‘sweet foods, coffee and tea’ pattern was inversely associated with TF BMD (β=−0.178; 95% CI: −0.039 to −0.000) and
with TB BMD (β=−0.320; 95% CI:
−0.059 to −0.017) even after adjusting for energy and calcium intake, lean
mass, age and postmenopausal time.
Conclusions:
A concomitant excessive consumption of sweet foods and
caffeinated beverages appears to exert a negative effect on BMD even when the
skeleton already presents some demineralization. Food and beverage intake is a
modifiable factor that should not be neglected in the treatment of individuals
with osteoporosis.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
(25 March 2015) | doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.27
8 comments:
Hi there,I've been following you for quite some time.You are doing great,keep up the great work!You're truly an inspiration.But I have a question for you:would strontium citrate increase bone size/thickness in a healthy individual who has no osteoporosis?Like,after a few months/years on strontium,could an individiual notice bone growth where is easily noticeable,toes,fingers,wrists,ankles etc.Thanks and good luck!
To: Anonymous of 4/6/2015,
A healthy individual with no osteopenia or osteoporosis should not take strontium citrate. Individuals taking strontium citrate will not notice any change in the thickness of their bones. It would take micro-CT analysis of bone biopsies from strontium-treated patients to evidence changes, such as increased trabecular number, decreased trabecular separation, lower structure model index, and increased cortical thickness. These changes demonstrate improvement in intrinsic bone tissue quality.
I saw your reply only now.You are saying that individuals taking strontium will not notice changes in the thickness of their bones,but from what i've read strontium acts as a bone thickener,it builds new bone and causes the outer cortical bone to become thicker.Source: http://saveourbones.com/strontium-demistyfied/.Now I'm a little bit confused:are you saying that strontium will not thicken bones,or it will thicken them but only to a small degree,which can be observed only through micro-CT analysis and not with the bare eye?If it's the latter option,then how much strontium and for how long will make a difference in thickness?
Thank you,
Someone with very frail bones
Dunai Szalbolcs,
Strontium will increase cortical thickness by small but significant amounts visible only by micro-CT analysis of bone biopsies.
The recommended amount of strontium for osteoporosis is 680 mg daily from 2 grams of a strontium salt. For osteopenia, 340 mg daily may be effective.
According to the scientific literature, after three years of taking 2 grams strontium ranelate (680 mg strontium) daily, significant changes can be seen in the microarchitecture of bones using micro-CT analysis of bone biopsies.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17922612
Save Our Bones is a commercial website that sells supplements and other products; therefore, its information is biased. It is not a scientific source.
Dear BoneLady,
Could this increase in cortical thickness be observed with the "bare" eye?I'm talking about bony areas like wrists ankles fingers jaw etc. where an increase in bone size is more easily observed then,let's say in the spine or upper legs.Also,can this increase be observed with a measuring tape?Let's say one measures his/her wrist/ankle before taking strontium,and after years of taking it,could they be thicker with a few mms or even cms?Going by your analogy of steel jackets around bridge supports,I would say it probably could,but I am awaiting your professional opinion.
Thank you for your informative answers,
Kindest of regards
Szabolcs,
These questions are basically the same as your previous question, which I already answered.
No, the increase in cortical thickness cannot be observed with the bare eye.
No, the increase in cortical thickness cannot be measured with a measuring tape.
As I replied to you before, “strontium will increase cortical thickness by small but significant amounts visible only by micro-CT analysis of bone biopsies.”
Micro-CT uses x-rays to create cross-sections of a physical object that can be used to recreate a virtual 3D model without destroying the original object. The prefix micro- (symbol: µ) is used to indicate that the pixel sizes of the cross-sections are in the micrometer range.
The micrometer (µm), also commonly known as a micron, is an SI derived unit of length equaling 1×10−6 of a meter (SI standard prefix "micro-" = 10−6); that is, one millionth of a meter (or one thousandth of a millimeter, 0.001 mm, or about 0.000039 inch).
We are talking about tiny changes in the microarchitecture of bone. There’s that prefix again—micro.
You mention an analogy of steel jackets around bridge supports and say it is my analogy. It was a reader’s analogy on another post four years ago. I expanded on her analogy. Mom of Three wrote, “As to thickening the outer cortex to strengthen a bone...the state of California put steel jackets around bridge supports and that "stiffening" kept those supports from collapsing in subsequent earthquakes.”
I replied, “I love your analogy comparing taking strontium to increase cortical thickness and strengthen bone with putting steel jackets around bridge supports to strengthen those supports. However, the reduced fracture risk associated with strontium appears to result from changes to both cortical and trabecular bone. Expanding on your analogy, I would say that taking strontium is like putting steel jackets around bridge supports and repairing the bridge itself.”
The purpose of the analogy proposed by Mom of Three and of my expanded version is to help people conceptualize the changes strontium makes to bone microarchitecture. These analogies are not to be taken literally.
http://strontiumforbones.blogspot.com/2011/06/dietary-calcium-intake-and-risk-of.html
Dear BoneLady,
You are right about the analogy,it was the idea of MomOfThree,but nevertheless a great analogy.
So strontium thickens the bones,but only to a small extent.I understand now.Do you happen to know other agents that produce more significant changes in this regard(bone size/thickness/width)?I heard about teriparatide(Forteo) so far,which is promising.
Szabolcs,
There is no osteoporosis drug or supplement that will increase bone thickness to a degree visible to the naked eye. Any changes will be in microns and only visible with sophisticated imaging modalities, such as high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT).
Forteo (teriparatide) significantly decreases cortical thickness at both the distal radius and distal tibia. Below are the background and conclusions of “Effects of Teriparatide on Bone Microarchitecture in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis,” a paper presented March 6, 2015, at the Endocrine Society’s 97th Annual Meeting and Expo in San Diego, CA.
“Although teriparatide has been shown to increase bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine and hip, BMD at the radius has been shown to decrease with therapy (1, 2). These observations raise the possibility that teriparatide may have varying effects on different peripheral sites, including the radius (non-weight-bearing) and tibia (weight-bearing). We aimed to examine the effects of teriparatide on bone microarchitecture at these peripheral sites in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.”
“Teriparatide therapy significantly decreases cortical thickness at both the distal radius and distal tibia, while increasing trabecular area, thickness and number, at the distal radius. These changes in bone microarchitecture did not result in decreases in estimated bone strength. Further studies will be necessary to better understand the implications of these results on fracture risk at these peripheral sites.”
http://press.endocrine.org/doi/abs/10.1210/endo-meetings.2015.BCHVD.10.OR22-2
Post a Comment